Clinical implementation of chromosomal microarray technology in prenatal diagnosis. (Review).

Chromosomal microarray technology represents the technical convergence of molecular genetics and cytogenetics, and is rapidly revolutionizing modern cytogenetics. Expected genomic aberrations are accurately identified and provide readily interpretable results that are suitable for clinical risk stratification and therapeutic strategies. The application of array technology in prenatal genetic diagnosis provides distinct advantages over conventional cytogenetic analysis in detecting both the majority of microscopic and submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities. In the last few years, the validity of array technology has become obvious to medical and laboratory communities involved in prenatal diagnostic testing. However, whether or not microarray analysis is sufficient for the detection of cytogenetic abnormalities in prenatal diagnosis and if traditional cytogenetics continue to be important in this new era has yet to be confirmed. In the present study, we systematically reviewed the current status of microarray technology in the identification of pathogenic genomic imbalances and discussed practical considerations for its routine implementation in prenatal diagnosis.